Report Code : CVMI2412232 | Published Date : March 3, 2025

The Global Agriculture Fumigants Market is projected to grow from USD 2.45 billion in 2023 to USD 3.91 billion by 2031, expanding at a 7.21% CAGR. This critical crop protection sector is undergoing significant transformation due to regulatory pressures, resistance management challenges, and the need for effective pest control in global food production systems.

 

Key Market Growth Drivers

1. Pest Resistance Crisis

  • Eighty-five percent of stored grain pests exhibit phosphine resistance
  • Nematode damage leading to 12-20% yield losses globally
  • Soil-borne pathogens are reducing productivity by 30% in key areas crops

2. Regulatory & Trade Pressures

  • ISPM 15 standards driving post-harvest fumigation
  • MRL compliance for export crops
  • Phase-outs of methyl bromide are creating alternatives demand

3. Yield Protection Needs

  • Soil fumigation before planting boosts yields 25-40%
  • Post-harvest treatments reduce storage loss by 15% losses
  • Quarantine applications sustain the market access

 

Product Segmentation

Fumigant Type

2023 Share

Key Applications

Growth Rate

Phosphine

35%

Stored grain protection

5.8% CAGR

Chloropicrin

XX%

Pre-plant soil treatment

XX% CAGR

1,3-Dichloropropene

XX%

Nematode control

XX% CAGR

Metam Sodium

XX%

Broad-spectrum soil disinfection

XX% CAGR

Others

5%

Specialty applications

4.9% CAGR

 

Application Analysis

Soil Applications (55%)

  • Pre-plant treatments for high-value crops crops
  • Nursery and greenhouse sterilization
  • Replant disease management

Post-Harvest (XX%)

  • Grain storage insect control
  • Export commodity quarantine treatments
  • Processing facility sanitation

Other (XX%)

  • Structural fumigation
  • Commodity transit protection
  • Seed treatment applications

 

Regional Market Dynamics

North America (38%)

  • California's stringent regulations on products development
  • US grain export criteria driving post-harvest use
  • Canada's canola crop storage needs

Europe (XX%)

  • EU's Sustainable Use Directive impacts
  • UK's post-Brexit MRL adjustments
  • Spain's intensive horticulture sector

Asia-Pacific (XX%)

  • China's Grain Production Storage Modernization
  • India's export fumigation requirements
  • Australia's phosphine resistance crisis

 

Competitive Landscape

Market Leaders:

  1. BASF (22%) - Agrofume® phosphine products
  2. Syngenta (XX%) - TELONE® soil fumigants
  3. ADAMA (XX%) - FUMITOXIN® Aluminum phosphide
  4. Dow Chemical (XX%) - Chloropicrin formulations
  5. UPL (10%) - Nuvan® stored product range

Emerging Technologies:

  • Controlled release phosphine (ECO2FUME®)
  • Non-chemical alternatives (nitrogen) fumigation)
  • Precision in application systems

 

Recent Innovations (2024)

  • AI-powered fumigation monitoring systems
  • Biodegradable fumigant films
  • Resistance-breaking synergistic formulations

 





Reasons To Buy

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Scope

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Key Players

  • Agriculture Fumigants Market – BASF SE
  • Syngenta AG
  • ADAMA Agricultural Solutions Ltd.
  • UPL Limited
  • Corteva Agriscience
  • AMVAC Chemical Corporation
  • Nippon Chemical Industrial Co. Ltd.
  • Arkema S.A.
  • Solvay S.A.
  • FMC Corporation.

Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Report

  1. 1. Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Research Report
    1. 1.1 Study Objectives
    2. 1.2 Global Agriculture Fumigants Market - Overview
    3. 1.3 Reason to Read This Report
    4. 1.4 Methodology and Forecast Analysis
    2. Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Research Report - Preface
    1. 2.1 Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Research Report – Detailed Scope and Definitions
      1. 2.1.1 By Product Type
      2. 2.1.2 By Application
      3. 2.1.3 By Crop Type
      4. 2.1.4 By Region
    3. Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Dynamics
    1. 3.1. Drivers - Macro-Economic Based, Supply Side, and Demand Side Drivers
    2. 3.2. Restraints – By Product Type, By Application, By Crop Type, By Country
    3. 3.3. Opportunities – By Product Type, By Application, By Crop Type, By Country
    4. 3.4. Trends – By Product Type, By Application, By Crop Type, By Country
    5. 3.5. PEST Analysis
    6. 3.6. Porters Five Rule Analysis
    7. 3.7. Company’s Share Analysis (CSA) by Region or By Country
    8. 3.8. Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Research Report – DROTs Impact Analysis
    4. Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Research Report, Historic Data 2019 - 2023 and Forecast Analysis Data 2024 - 2031
    1. 4.1. Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    2. 4.2. Annual Market Trend Assessment – Year-on-Year (YoY) Growth Analysis (%)
    3. 4.3. Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and 2024 - 2031
    4. 4.4. Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    5. Global Agriculture Fumigants Market, By Product Type, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 5.1 Phosphine
      1. 5.1.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 5.1.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 5.1.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 5.1.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    2. 5.2 Methyl Bromide
      1. 5.2.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 5.2.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 5.2.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 5.2.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    3. 5.3 Chloropicrin
      1. 5.3.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 5.3.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 5.3.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 5.3.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    4. 5.4 Others
      1. 5.4.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 5.4.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 5.4.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 5.4.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    6. Global Agriculture Fumigants Market, By Application, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 6.1 Soil Fumigation
      1. 6.1.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 6.1.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 6.1.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 6.1.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    2. 6.2 Grain Fumigation
      1. 6.2.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 6.2.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 6.2.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 6.2.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    3. 6.3 Storage
      1. 6.3.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 6.3.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 6.3.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 6.3.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    4. 6.4 Others
      1. 6.4.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 6.4.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 6.4.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 6.4.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    7. Global Agriculture Fumigants Market, By Crop Type, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 7.1 Grains & Cereals
      1. 7.1.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 7.1.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 7.1.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 7.1.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    2. 7.2 Fruits & Vegetables
      1. 7.2.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 7.2.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 7.2.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 7.2.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    3. 7.3 Others.
      1. 7.3.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 7.3.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 7.3.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 7.3.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    8. Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Forecast, By Region, 2019 - 2023 and 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 8.1 North America
      1. 8.1.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 8.1.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 8.1.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 8.1.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    2. 8.2 Europe
      1. 8.2.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 8.2.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 8.2.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 8.2.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    3. 8.3 Asia-Pacific
      1. 8.3.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 8.3.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 8.3.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 8.3.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    4. 8.4 Latin America
      1. 8.4.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 8.4.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 8.4.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 8.4.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    5. 8.5 Middle East & Africa
      1. 8.5.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 8.5.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 8.5.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 8.5.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    6. 8.6 Global Agriculture Fumigants Market - Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type, By Application, By Crop Type, and Region, 2024 - 2031
    9. North America Agriculture Fumigants Market Analysis, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 9.1 By Product Type Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 9.1.1 Phosphine
      2. 9.1.2 Methyl Bromide
      3. 9.1.3 Chloropicrin
      4. 9.1.4 Others
      9.2 By Application Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 9.2.1 Soil Fumigation
      2. 9.2.2 Grain Fumigation
      3. 9.2.3 Storage
      4. 9.2.4 Others
      9.3 By Crop Type Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 9.3.1 Grains & Cereals
      2. 9.3.2 Fruits & Vegetables
      3. 9.3.3 Others.
      9.4 Country Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 9.4.1 United States
      2. 9.4.2 Canada
      9.5 North America Global Agriculture Fumigants Market – Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type, By Application, By Crop Type, and Country, 2024 - 2031
      9.6 Regional Trends Analysis
      9.7 North America Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Research Report - Company Profiles
      1. 9.7.1 Company 1 (United States)
      2. 9.7.2 Company 2 (Canada)
      3. 9.7.3 Company 3 (Canada)
    10. Europe Agriculture Fumigants Market Analysis, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 10.1 By Product Type Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 10.1.1 Phosphine
      2. 10.1.2 Methyl Bromide
      3. 10.1.3 Chloropicrin
      4. 10.1.4 Others
      10.2 By Application Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 10.2.1 Soil Fumigation
      2. 10.2.2 Grain Fumigation
      3. 10.2.3 Storage
      4. 10.2.4 Others
      10.3 By Crop Type Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 10.3.1 Grains & Cereals
      2. 10.3.2 Fruits & Vegetables
      3. 10.3.3 Others.
      10.4 Country Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 10.4.1 Germany
      2. 10.4.2 United Kingdom
      3. 10.4.3 France
      4. 10.4.4 Spain
      5. 10.4.5 Italy
      6. 10.4.6 Russia
      7. 10.4.7 Netherlands
      8. 10.4.8 Poland
      9. 10.4.9 Rest of Europe
      10.5 Europe Global Agriculture Fumigants Market – Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type, By Application, By Crop Type, and Country, 2024 - 2031
      10.6 Regional Trends Analysis
      10.7 Europe Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Research Report - Company Profiles
      1. 10.7.1 Company 1 (Germany)
      2. 10.7.2 Company 2 (United Kingdom)
      3. 10.7.3 Company 3 (United Kingdom)
    11. Asia-Pacific Agriculture Fumigants Market Analysis, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 11.1 By Product Type Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 11.1.1 Phosphine
      2. 11.1.2 Methyl Bromide
      3. 11.1.3 Chloropicrin
      4. 11.1.4 Others
      11.2 By Application Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 11.2.1 Soil Fumigation
      2. 11.2.2 Grain Fumigation
      3. 11.2.3 Storage
      4. 11.2.4 Others
      11.3 By Crop Type Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 11.3.1 Grains & Cereals
      2. 11.3.2 Fruits & Vegetables
      3. 11.3.3 Others.
      11.4 Country Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 11.4.1 China
      2. 11.4.2 Japan
      3. 11.4.3 India
      4. 11.4.4 South Korea
      5. 11.4.5 Australia & NZ
      6. 11.4.6 ASEAN
      7. 11.4.7 Rest of Asia-Pacific
      11.5 Asia-Pacific Global Agriculture Fumigants Market – Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type, By Application, By Crop Type, and Country, 2024 - 2031
      11.6 Regional Trends Analysis
      11.7 Asia-Pacific Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Research Report - Company Profiles
      1. 11.7.1 Company 1 (China)
      2. 11.7.2 Company 2 (Japan)
      3. 11.7.3 Company 3 (Japan)
    12. Latin America Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Analysis, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 12.1 By Product Type Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 12.1.1 Phosphine
      2. 12.1.2 Methyl Bromide
      3. 12.1.3 Chloropicrin
      4. 12.1.4 Others
      12.2 By Application Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 12.2.1 Soil Fumigation
      2. 12.2.2 Grain Fumigation
      3. 12.2.3 Storage
      4. 12.2.4 Others
      12.3 By Crop Type Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 12.3.1 Grains & Cereals
      2. 12.3.2 Fruits & Vegetables
      3. 12.3.3 Others.
      12.4 Country Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 12.4.1 Brazil
      2. 12.4.2 Mexico
      3. 12.4.3 Argentina
      4. 12.4.4 Peru
      5. 12.4.5 Colombia
      6. 12.4.6 Rest of Latin America
      12.5 Latin America Global Agriculture Fumigants Market – Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type, By Application, By Crop Type, and Country, 2024 - 2031
      12.6 Regional Trends Analysis
      12.7 Latin America Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Research Report - Company Profiles
      1. 12.7.1 Company 1 (Brazil)
      2. 12.7.2 Company 2 (Mexico)
      3. 12.7.3 Company 3 (Mexico)
    13. Middle East & Africa Agriculture Fumigants Market Analysis, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 13.1 By Product Type Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 13.1.1 Phosphine
      2. 13.1.2 Methyl Bromide
      3. 13.1.3 Chloropicrin
      4. 13.1.4 Others
      13.2 By Application Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 13.2.1 Soil Fumigation
      2. 13.2.2 Grain Fumigation
      3. 13.2.3 Storage
      4. 13.2.4 Others
      13.3 By Crop Type Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 13.3.1 Grains & Cereals
      2. 13.3.2 Fruits & Vegetables
      3. 13.3.3 Others.
      13.4 Country Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 13.4.1 Saudi Arabia
      2. 13.4.2 UAE
      3. 13.4.3 South Africa
      4. 13.4.4 Egypt
      5. 13.4.5 Israel
      6. 13.4.6 Rest of Middle East and Africa
      13.5 Middle East & Africa Global Agriculture Fumigants Market – Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type, By Application, By Crop Type, and Country, 2024 - 2031
      13.6 Regional Trends Analysis
      13.7 Middle East & Africa Global Agriculture Fumigants Market Research Report - Company Profiles
      1. 13.7.1 Company 1 (Saudi Arabia)
      2. 13.7.2 Company 2 (UAE)
      3. 13.7.3 Company 3 (UAE)
    14. Competition Landscape
    1. 14.1 Strategic Dashboard of Top Market Players
      14.2 Company Profiles (Introduction, Financial Assessments, Portfolio of Offerings, Milestones and Achievements, Strategic Initiative, and SWOT Analysis)
      1. 14.2.1 Agriculture Fumigants Market – BASF SE
      2. 14.2.2 Syngenta AG
      3. 14.2.3 ADAMA Agricultural Solutions Ltd.
      4. 14.2.4 UPL Limited
      5. 14.2.5 Corteva Agriscience
      6. 14.2.6 AMVAC Chemical Corporation
      7. 14.2.7 Nippon Chemical Industrial Co. Ltd.
      8. 14.2.8 Arkema S.A.
      9. 14.2.9 Solvay S.A.
      10. 14.2.10 FMC Corporation.
    15. Data Collection Method and Research Approach
    16. Principal Presumptions and Acronyms







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